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Ulcerative Colitis, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Treatment And Related Conditions
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- FormatePub
- ISBN978-1-370-80804-5
- EAN9781370808045
- Date de parution17/11/2016
- Protection num.pas de protection
- Infos supplémentairesepub
- ÉditeurEditeurs divers USA
Résumé
Ulcerative Colitis is an inflammatory disease of the colon and rectum which causes ulcers in the lining of the colon and rectum. The ulcers can then bleed and produce pus, leading to the rapid emptying of the colon and diarrhea. It has been suggested that an autoimmune disease is the main cause of Ulcerative Colitis disease. Psychological problems like stress and anxiety are not a cause of Ulcerative Colitis but have been known to trigger off the disease.
Mild cases (about 50%) usually have:1. An insidious onset2. Lower abdominal pain3. Slight blood stained diarrheaIn the more severe cases, the main symptoms may be:1. Abrupt onset2. Severe diffuse abdominal pain3. Bloody diarrhea4. Fever5. ShockColonoscopy is also done to confirm evidence of ulcerative colitis and exclude malignant tumors. Mild Cases:1. Antidiarheal and bulk forming agents2. Antispasmodic medication for spasm of the colon3.
Sulfasalazine (immunosuppressant) given indefinitelyOther 5-ASA agents, such as olsalazine, mesalamine, and balsalazide, may be used by people who cannot take sulfasalazine.4. Topical corticosteroids as retention enema or suppositories only where the rectum is involved.5. Correction of anemiaSevere cases:1. Hospitalization with bed rest, fluids, electrolyte replacement and blood transfusion if necessary2.
Systemic corticosteroids (intravenous initially, followed by oral medications)These should not be given for long term usage because of side effects.3. Oral mesalazine (immunosuppressant) given indefinitely4. Azathioprine (Imuran), Cyclosporine (Neoral) and 6-mercapto-purine (6-MP) all other immunosuppressants can also reduce inflammation by suppressing the immune system5. Infliximab (Remicade) is an anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agent is given through intravenous infusion every 6 to 8 weeks at a hospital or outpatient center.
Side effects may include toxicity and increased risk of infections, particularly tuberculosis.6. Antibiotics in toxic megacolon syndromeSurgery is done if the attacks are severe, do not respond to treatment, toxic megacolon or uncontrollable bleeding. Surgery is also done for complications such as a fistula or intestinal obstruction. In more severe cases a total proctocolectomy with ileostomy (a stoma is left in the abdomen for disposal of feces) is done and is usually curative.
Ileoanal anastomosis in which the ileum is attached to the anus allows the patient to have normal bowel movements because the anus is preserved. Emergency surgery may be done for perforation, peritonitis, or continued bleeding. TABLE OF CONTENTIntroductionChapter 1 Ulcerative ColitisChapter 2 More Facts of Ulcerative ColitisChapter 3 Treatment of Ulcerative ColitisChapter 4 Crohn SyndromeChapter 5 DiverticulosisChapter 6 OsteoporosisChapter 7 Irritable Bowel SyndromeEpilogue
Mild cases (about 50%) usually have:1. An insidious onset2. Lower abdominal pain3. Slight blood stained diarrheaIn the more severe cases, the main symptoms may be:1. Abrupt onset2. Severe diffuse abdominal pain3. Bloody diarrhea4. Fever5. ShockColonoscopy is also done to confirm evidence of ulcerative colitis and exclude malignant tumors. Mild Cases:1. Antidiarheal and bulk forming agents2. Antispasmodic medication for spasm of the colon3.
Sulfasalazine (immunosuppressant) given indefinitelyOther 5-ASA agents, such as olsalazine, mesalamine, and balsalazide, may be used by people who cannot take sulfasalazine.4. Topical corticosteroids as retention enema or suppositories only where the rectum is involved.5. Correction of anemiaSevere cases:1. Hospitalization with bed rest, fluids, electrolyte replacement and blood transfusion if necessary2.
Systemic corticosteroids (intravenous initially, followed by oral medications)These should not be given for long term usage because of side effects.3. Oral mesalazine (immunosuppressant) given indefinitely4. Azathioprine (Imuran), Cyclosporine (Neoral) and 6-mercapto-purine (6-MP) all other immunosuppressants can also reduce inflammation by suppressing the immune system5. Infliximab (Remicade) is an anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agent is given through intravenous infusion every 6 to 8 weeks at a hospital or outpatient center.
Side effects may include toxicity and increased risk of infections, particularly tuberculosis.6. Antibiotics in toxic megacolon syndromeSurgery is done if the attacks are severe, do not respond to treatment, toxic megacolon or uncontrollable bleeding. Surgery is also done for complications such as a fistula or intestinal obstruction. In more severe cases a total proctocolectomy with ileostomy (a stoma is left in the abdomen for disposal of feces) is done and is usually curative.
Ileoanal anastomosis in which the ileum is attached to the anus allows the patient to have normal bowel movements because the anus is preserved. Emergency surgery may be done for perforation, peritonitis, or continued bleeding. TABLE OF CONTENTIntroductionChapter 1 Ulcerative ColitisChapter 2 More Facts of Ulcerative ColitisChapter 3 Treatment of Ulcerative ColitisChapter 4 Crohn SyndromeChapter 5 DiverticulosisChapter 6 OsteoporosisChapter 7 Irritable Bowel SyndromeEpilogue
A propos de Kenneth Kee
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