Virtual boundaries. The unseen mechanism governing all movement and behaviour of wild animals that enables smart management

Years of trial and error has produced an array of tools and management strategies developed without knowledge of a virtual mindset playing out, rather applying direct physical force to get animals to comply. Recent observations indicate a virtual component underpinning all animal behaviour which tools only serve to trigger, representing a physiological intervention measure rather than a physical one, exploiting animal behavioural traits, in particular suspicion of anything new to format and maintain a virtual boundary.
Understanding the dynamics of this innovative approach has indicated positive long-term potential to boost repellence significantly, that lasts longer than physical intervention, impacting larger areas (crop clusters rather than individual crops), requiring significantly less effort to apply while engendering human/wildlife coexistence - boundaries rather established in the mindset of animals. Understanding and developing this hypothesis enables better wildlife management strategies for the future, providing for "Smart Management" practices for both capture and HWC management.